ASSESSMENT OF INSPECTION COMPLIANCE, ENFORCEMNET CHALLENGES AND POLICY GAPS IN CENTRAL LUZON’S FISHERY IMPORT BORDER CONTROL SYSTEM

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the inspection process of imported frozen fish and fishery products in the Philippines specifically in Central Luzon, the study focuses on inspection delays, documentary requirements, enforcement challenges, and compliance with food safety standards using mixed method approach. The study aims how effective and well-implemented the border control system was for imported fishery commodities and to provide rich, detailed insights into the operational realities of border inspections, which might be missed by broader, less focused research methods.

Survey responses from inspectors and stakeholders revealed that delays are often caused by distance, document verification, and limited personnel, with inspection duration ranging from a few minutes to over an hour. The lack of standardized procedures and digital systems contributes to inefficiencies and opportunities for corruption. The study also emphasizes the importance of the blue seal in securing the legitimacy of imported fishery products and ensuring compliance with Republic Act No. 10611. Documents such as the Landing and Transport Permit (LTP) and Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) were identified as commonly required, and their absence leads to delays or confiscation. While HACCP, ISO, and Codex standards are frequently cited, inconsistencies in enforcement and lack of sampling analysis raise concerns about product safety. Common violations include misdeclaration, mixed species, and absence of required permits. Inspectors face numerous challenges such as overlapping agency jurisdictions, and confrontations with importers. The study proposes solutions including harmonized regulations, digital tracking, continuous training, and stronger inter-agency collaboration. The increasing dependence on imports due to seasonal closures and limited local supply highlights the need for a balanced fishery policy. By strengthening inspection protocols, adopting technology, and promoting public awareness, the Philippines can ensure food safety, fair trade, and sustainable fisheries management.