STATUS OF WINGED PEARL OYSTER (Pteria penguin) PRODUCTION OF TWO FISHERFOLK ASSOCIATIONS IN LEYTE, PHILIPPINES

Abstract

^{The status of winged pearl oyster was conducted in the Province of Leyte, in the Municipality of Barugo and Municipality of Mayorga. Two associations involved in this study namely, Santarin Fisherfolk Association and Union Fisherfolk Association. The winged pearl oyster fishers of Barugo and Mayorga, Leyte, are predominantly middle-aged men engaged mainly in fishing, with Barugo slightly leading in participation. All 52 surveyed fishers identify as Roman Catholic, reflecting the region's strong Catholic heritage. Fishing is their primary livelihood, supplemented by construction and community work. Winged pearl oyster farming was introduced as a government-supported alternative livelihood-Mayorga in 2019 and Barugo in 2021-using a longline system that collects wild spat and simulates natural oyster habitats. This method not only produces half pearls but also enhances local marine biodiversity and fish catches. Both municipalities have received training in longline fabrication and pearl production. However, environmental differences affect productivity: Barugo’s calmer waters favor larger oysters, while Mayorga’s exposure to strong waves increases equipment maintenance and reduces yields. Despite challenges like storms, theft, and biofouling, the culture system remains viable. Oysters are sold both as food and for pearl production, with shells repurposed for handicrafts, maximizing resource use and supporting local economies}